An Operating System takes care for all input and output in a computer system. It manages users, processes, memory management, printing, telecommunication, networking etc.
It ships data to a disk, the printer, the screen and other peripherals connected to the computer. And because every machine is constructed uniquely, commands for input or output will have to be handled differently, too. In almost all cases an Operating System is not one large behemoth but contains of many small system programs managed by the kernel of the OS. Because of the concentration of these small sustaining programs, it will be easier to amend parts or packages of the OS than to do over a whole program.
Batch Operating System
The Batch Operating Systems are OS’s which analyze your i/p and groups them into batches. That is data in each batch is of similar characteristics. And then it performs operation on each individual batch. An example of it is the punch card or Hollerith card or IBM card. The IBM 1402 is a piece of stiff paper that contains digital information represented by the presence or absence of holes in predefined positions. They were used through the 20th century in unit record machines for input, processing, and data storage. Punched cards are the input (sometimes output) medium for communicating with mainframes. Bits were represented by punching holes in the right places, the job performed by a keypunch machine which had an alpha keyboard.
Real-Time Operating System
The Real-Time Operating Systems are the OS that was build or created for real-time application request. RTOS has the echelon of its consistency relating to the amount of time it takes to allow and complete the application. There are two types of RTOS: the hard real-time operating and the soft real-time operating system. An example of a RTOS is the QNX Operating System. The QNX Neutrino RTOS is very well known for its high performance and reliability. It was designed for bullet-proof operation. Its microkernel architecture protects every application, driver, file system, and protocol stack in the safety of memory-protected user space. As a result, multiple third-party applications can run simultaneously on the RTOS without corrupting one another or the RTOS itself. As a result, the QNX Neutrino RTOS became the power behind the Blackberry Tablet OS.
Hybrid Operating System
The Hybrid Operating Systems are the kind of OS that are the combination of a general-purpose Operating System. An example of Hybrid OS is the Microsoft NT kernel. It is a powerful high-level-language-based, processor-independent, multiprocessing, multiuser operating system with features comparable to Unix.
Interactive Operating System
The Interactive Operating Systems are the OS that allows users to run interactive programs. Pretty much all operating systems that are on PCs are interactive OS's. It is also a system that has been designed which facilitates the development of experimental graphics-oriented computer procedures for multivariate data compression and classification. Its features include a random access vector file system, an on-line monitor for data base manipulation and program execution, and a provision for defining sequences of monitor commands as system procedures. An example of this is the UNIX of the Unix Shell. The Unix shell used the same language for interactive commands as for scripting (shell scripts— there was no separate job control language like IBM's JCL).
Embedded Operating System
The Embedded Operating Systems are the Operating Systems that are designed to be very compact and efficient, forsaking many functions that non-embedded computer operating systems provide, and which may not be used by the specialized applications they run. They are also real-time operating systems. Examples of embedded operating systems could include the software used in Automated Teller Machines, Cash Registers, CCTV systems, a TV box set, a GPS, jukeboxes, missiles, etc. An example of this kind of operating system is the Nexus. Nexus' coniX small romable embedded operating system for ARM processors. Nexus 128 offers graphics designers and content creators design-caliber 2D performance, high-quality 3D performance, and true color resolution support up to 1920 x 1200.
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